Essential Interstitial Lung Disease Management for the Primary Care Provider

Authors

  • Amanda Grant-Orser, MBBCh, FRCPC Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.58931/cpct.2025.3138

Abstract

Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) encompass a diverse group of disorders characterized by inflammation and fibrosis of the lung parenchyma. Despite their classification as rare, increasing evidence suggests ILDs are more prevalent than previously thought. Patients often present with respiratory symptoms such as exertional dyspnea, persistent cough, and fatigue. However, asymptomatic patients with incidental findings on imaging (e.g., interstitial lung abnormalities) are also common. Diagnosis relies on high-resolution CT (HRCT), pulmonary function tests, and detailed clinical evaluation. Respirology consultation is important for comprehensive management. The evolving ILD nomenclature, including progressive pulmonary fibrosis, aids in disease characterization and treatment planning. Management strategies include corticosteroids and steroid-sparing agents for inflammatory subtypes, while antifibrotic therapies (nintedanib, pirfenidone) are used for fibrotic and progressive disease. Non-pharmacological interventions, including pulmonary rehabilitation, smoking cessation, and vaccination, are critical for improving patient outcomes. Primary care providers play a pivotal role in early disease recognition, facilitating diagnostic testing, managing comorbidities, and coordinating specialist care. This review highlights the importance of timely diagnosis, evolving classifications, and emerging therapies, offering a collaborative framework for optimizing ILD care and outcomes.

Author Biography

Amanda Grant-Orser, MBBCh, FRCPC, Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB

Dr. Grant-Orser is a Clinical Assistant Professor at the University of Calgary and the director of the Foothills Medical Centre Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD) Clinic. She completed her fellowship in ILD at the University of Calgary following her training in internal medicine and respirology at Western University, and medical school at University College Dublin, Ireland. Dr. Grant-Orser’s research focuses on interstitial lung abnormalities, familial ILD, and prognostic biomarkers. Through her academic and research efforts, she is committed to enhancing the quality of life and outcomes for patients with ILD.

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Published

2025-06-05

How to Cite

1.
Grant-Orser A. Essential Interstitial Lung Disease Management for the Primary Care Provider. Can Prim Care Today [Internet]. 2025 Jun. 5 [cited 2025 Jun. 28];3(1):5–12. Available from: https://canadianprimarycaretoday.com/article/view/3-1-Grant-Orser

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